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Environmental Health and Child Survival Epidemiology Economics Experiences ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Environmental Health and Child Survival I O M O M fundamental element of sustainable development is environmental sustainability

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Hence this series was created in to cover current and emerging issues in order to promote debate and broaden the understanding of environmental challenges as integral to achieving equitable and sustained economic growth

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The series will draw on analysis and practical experience from across the World Bank and from client countries

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The manuscripts chosen for publication will be central to the implementation of the World Bank Environment Strategy and relevant to the development community policy makers and academia

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Topics addressed in this series will include environmental health natural resources management strategic environmental assessment policy instruments and environmental institutions

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Also in this series International Trade and Climate Change Economic Legal and Institutional Perspectives Poverty and the Environment Understanding Linkages at the Household Level Strategic Environmental Assessment for Policies An Instrument for Good Governance Environmental Health and Child Survival Epidemiology Economics Experiences The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank Street NW Washington DC Telephone Internet www

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worldbank

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org mail feedback worldbank

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org All rights reserved

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This volume is product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank

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The findings interpretations and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent

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The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work

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The boundaries colors denominations and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries

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H N E M N The material in this publication is copyrighted

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Copying and or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be violation of applicable law

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The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly

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For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work please send request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc

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Rosewood Drive Danvers MA USA telephone fax Internet www

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copyright

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All other queries on rights and licenses including subsidiary rights should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher The World Bank Street NW Washington DC USA fax mail pubrights worldbank

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Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Environmental health and child survival epidemiology economics experiences

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Environment and development Includes bibliographical references and index

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ISBN

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Environmentally induced diseases in children Developing countries

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Malnutrition in children Developing countries

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World Bank

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Series Environment and development Washington D

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[DNLM

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Child Preschool

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Environmental Health

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Cost of Illness

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Developing Countries

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Disorders of Environmental Origin

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Malnutrition

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WA

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' dc Cover photo World Bank Photo Library Cover design Auras Design Silver Spring Maryland O S xi xiii Acknowledgments Abbreviations and Acronyms H Epidemiology H Economics H How Environmental Health Supplements Other Child Survival Strategies Adding Value to Health Systems Adapting Environmental Management Programs Adjusting Infrastructure Strategies Key Messages Notes Environmental Health Malnutrition and Child Health Environmental Factors Exposure and Transmission Pathways Vicious Cycle of Infections and Malnutrition Environmental Role in Early Childhood Health Averting Cognition and Learning Impacts Key Messages Note H Introduction Objectives Audience Primer on Environmental Health Primer on Malnutrition Content and Organization How Large Is the Environmental Health Burden

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Burden of Disease Environmental Health Burdens Areas for Future Research vi CONTENTS Key Messages Notes H Estimating the Environmental Health Burden and Costs at the Country Level Existing Practice in Environmental Health Valuation Building New Estimates for Environmental Health Costs Case Studies of Ghana and Pakistan Results for Ghana and Pakistan Conclusion Next Steps Key Messages Notes Experiences H Approaches to Environmental Health History of Environmental Health Agenda Falling through the Cracks Environmental Health Experiences in Developing Countries Understanding the Enabling Environment Governance and Institutional Implications Institutional Requirements for Successful Environmental Health Governance Critical Moment Key Messages Note H Conclusion Contributions of This Report Next Steps Appendixes APPENDIX Technical Review of Cohort Studies Background Search Strategy and Selection Criteria Findings and Discussion Experimental Evidence from Deworming Conclusions Notes APPENDIX Review of Studies on Nutritional Status and Education Diarrhea and Education CONTENTS Conclusions Note APPENDIX New Estimates for Burden of Disease from Water Sanitation and Hygiene APPENDIX Computing Country Level Environmental Health Burden of Disease Mortality Education Notes APPENDIX Methodological Aspects of Assessing Environmental Health Burden of Disease From Relative Risks to Attributable Fractions Dealing with Biased Estimates of Relative Risk Notes APPENDIX Monetary Valuation of the Cost of Environmental Health Risks Note References Index Boxes

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.704377332417309

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN
future	0	NN
research	0.0175975629039954	NN
key	0	NN
estimate	0.059903311017139	NN
cost	0	NN
country	0	NN
level	0	NN
exist	0	VB
practice	0	NN
building	0	NN
study	0	NN
result	0	NN
conclusion	0	NN
experience	0.0249430985430622	NN
approach	0	NN
history	0	NN
agenda	0	NN
fall	0.123094312756122	NN
develop	0	VB
enable	0	VB
environment	0	NN
governance	0	NN
institutional	0	JJ
successful	0	JJ
critical	0	JJ
contribution	0	NN
report	0.0307735781890304	NN
technical	0	JJ
review	0	NN
strategy	0.0149758277542848	NN
criterion	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN
education	0.0152605842304358	NN
water	0.0382775468083574	NN
sanitation	0.0249430985430622	NN
hygiene	0	NN
mortality	0.276962203701274	NN
aspect	0.0307735781890304	NN
relative	0	JJ
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.299113743288403

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
future	0.0277064208763707	NN
research	0	NN
key	0	NN
estimate	0.0199423462679015	NN
cost	0.0277064208763707	NN
country	0	NN
level	0.00513687014008325	NN
exist	0.0332151194779746	VB
practice	0.0703006268489394	NN
building	0	NN
study	0	NN
result	0	NN
conclusion	0	NN
experience	0	NN
approach	0.0542519672965169	NN
history	0	NN
agenda	0	NN
fall	0	NN
develop	0	VB
enable	0	VB
environment	0.079769385071606	NN
governance	0	NN
institutional	0	JJ
successful	0	JJ
critical	0	JJ
contribution	0	NN
report	0.0409791940864438	NN
technical	0	JJ
review	0	NN
strategy	0	NN
criterion	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN
education	0.0101607690729067	NN
water	0.186896403054502	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
aspect	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.269386438073773

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
environmental	0	JJ
health	0	NN
future	0	NN
research	0	NN
key	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
cost	0	NN
country	0	NN
level	0.00647010760354177	NN
exist	0	VB
practice	0	NN
building	0.0348974218717993	NN
study	0	NN
result	0.0683326727248364	NN
conclusion	0	NN
experience	0	NN
approach	0	NN
history	0	NN
agenda	0	NN
fall	0	NN
develop	0	VB
enable	0	VB
environment	0	NN
governance	0	NN
institutional	0	JJ
successful	0	JJ
critical	0	JJ
contribution	0	NN
report	0	NN
technical	0	JJ
review	0	NN
strategy	0	NN
criterion	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN
education	0	NN
water	0.556409482163189	NN
sanitation	0.334686906581616	NN
hygiene	0.136665345449673	NN
mortality	0	NN
aspect	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.207128765141984

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
environmental	0.0237821918091848	JJ
health	0.0405241466500776	NN
future	0	NN
research	0	NN
key	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
cost	0.0660824365173543	NN
country	0	NN
level	0	NN
exist	0	VB
practice	0.02794560829783	NN
building	0	NN
study	0	NN
result	0	NN
conclusion	0	NN
experience	0	NN
approach	0	NN
history	0	NN
agenda	0	NN
fall	0	NN
develop	0	VB
enable	0	VB
environment	0	NN
governance	0	NN
institutional	0	JJ
successful	0	JJ
critical	0	JJ
contribution	0	NN
report	0	NN
technical	0	JJ
review	0	NN
strategy	0	NN
criterion	0	NN
evidence	0.12939607756667	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0.0488696285210061	NN
education	0.0121171980355011	NN
water	0	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
mortality	0.0488696285210061	NN
aspect	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN

Label: 17, with a score of: 0.195123637285695

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0.036961556179878	NN
disease	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
health	0	NN
future	0	NN
research	0	NN
key	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
cost	0	NN
country	0	NN
level	0.0138997399903163	NN
exist	0.0599173571845643	VB
practice	0	NN
building	0.149940347231585	NN
study	0	NN
result	0	NN
conclusion	0.048933054487825	NN
experience	0.0299586785922821	NN
approach	0	NN
history	0	NN
agenda	0.0739231123597559	NN
fall	0	NN
develop	0	VB
enable	0.0499801157438617	VB
environment	0	NN
governance	0	NN
institutional	0.036961556179878	JJ
successful	0.048933054487825	JJ
critical	0.036961556179878	JJ
contribution	0	NN
report	0	NN
technical	0	JJ
review	0.036961556179878	NN
strategy	0.017987180284335	NN
criterion	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0.036961556179878	NN
education	0	NN
water	0	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
aspect	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN

Label: 4, with a score of: 0.190962887382553

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
health	0	NN
future	0	NN
research	0	NN
key	0	NN
estimate	0.0299609328954485	NN
cost	0	NN
country	0	NN
level	0.0231525547935232	NN
exist	0	VB
practice	0	NN
building	0	NN
study	0	NN
result	0	NN
conclusion	0	NN
experience	0	NN
approach	0	NN
history	0	NN
agenda	0	NN
fall	0	NN
develop	0	VB
enable	0	VB
environment	0.0299609328954485	NN
governance	0	NN
institutional	0	JJ
successful	0	JJ
critical	0	JJ
contribution	0.0499016491051341	NN
report	0	NN
technical	0.124876512346911	JJ
review	0	NN
strategy	0	NN
criterion	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN
education	0.244244978014045	NN
water	0	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
aspect	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN

What Is Environmental Health

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.748428669010577

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.366840377005645

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
health	0.0339811641917276	NN

Impact of Diarrhea on Child Malnutrition Evidence from Research

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.437665695463869

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0	NN
child	0.0242343960710022	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
evidence	0.12939607756667	NN
research	0	NN

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.354454997047431

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
research	0.0175975629039954	NN

Label: 9, with a score of: 0.341952523625895

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0.0160169090870187	NN
child	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
evidence	0	NN
research	0.104016094894625	NN

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.338099642921372

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0	NN
child	0.0450489732120807	NN
malnutrition	0.0736315832425121	NN
evidence	0	NN
research	0	NN

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.329188812063274

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0	NN
child	0.0546336178945768	NN
malnutrition	0.0357189919948307	NN
evidence	0	NN
research	0.0252000451111224	NN

Overweight Mothers Carrying Underweight Children

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.877408543428307

Word	Score	PoS
overweight	0	JJ
mother	0.162963395911232	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN

Why Percent

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Supporting Evidence from Recent Cohort Studies

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.809479337429585

Word	Score	PoS
support	0	NN
evidence	0.12939607756667	NN
study	0	NN

Label: 15, with a score of: 0.373365353276809

Word	Score	PoS
support	0.00794883334420673	NN
evidence	0	NN
study	0.0517339898971162	NN

Revisiting the Asian Enigma

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

The Mills Reincke Phenomenon

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Basic Indicators for Ghana and Pakistan

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.563882330167544

Word	Score	PoS
basic	0.0639932865717261	JJ

Label: 11, with a score of: 0.514378058099111

Word	Score	PoS
basic	0.0583751976558017	JJ

Label: 9, with a score of: 0.42340310219636

Word	Score	PoS
basic	0.0480507272610562	JJ

Label: 4, with a score of: 0.382154734931191

Word	Score	PoS
basic	0.0433695758119029	JJ

Attributable Fractions and Burden of Disease When Multiple Risk Factors Are Present

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.855125609587117

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
multiple	0	JJ
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.308863054314694

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
multiple	0	JJ
risk	0	NN

How Policy Makers Should Interpret These Results

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.699943948824577

Word	Score	PoS
policy	0.0848203862485078	NN
maker	0.0488696285210061	NN
result	0	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.357760756203209

Word	Score	PoS
policy	0	NN
maker	0	NN
result	0.0683326727248364	NN

Label: 17, with a score of: 0.335873506213112

Word	Score	PoS
policy	0.0641521854453136	NN
maker	0	NN
result	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.320944512261872

Word	Score	PoS
policy	0.0203215381458133	NN
maker	0.0409791940864438	NN
result	0	NN

Combating Disease through Improved Milk

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.778699108190157

Word	Score	PoS
combate	0	NN
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
improve	0	VB

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.558215915927643

Word	Score	PoS
combate	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
improve	0.0511916925627245	VB

Mexico Multisectorality through Diagonal Approach

Label: 12, with a score of: 1

Word	Score	PoS
approach	0.0542519672965169	NN

Thailand National Nutrition Program

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.972094275906512

Word	Score	PoS
national	0.00399807039435538	JJ
nutrition	0.175025014152344	NN

Ethiopia The Toilet Revolution

Label: 6, with a score of: 1

Word	Score	PoS
toilet	0.0683326727248364	NN

Vietnam Dengue Program

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Atrophy of Environmental Health Functions in India

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.730186612776455

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN
function	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.357899080308486

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
function	0	NN

Institutional Evolution of Environmental Health The Case of Ethiopia Figures

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.658599268619512

Word	Score	PoS
institutional	0	JJ
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN
figure	0	NN

Label: 9, with a score of: 0.413084192582976

Word	Score	PoS
institutional	0	JJ
environmental	0.0221298700466866	JJ
health	0.0377086395700813	NN
figure	0.0602029956716497	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.322810728663588

Word	Score	PoS
institutional	0	JJ
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
figure	0	NN

The Diagram Transmission Routes for Infection

Label: 3, with a score of: 1

Word	Score	PoS
infection	0.122222546933424	NN

Relationship between Nutrition and Infection vii viii CONTENTS

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.819880522751293

Word	Score	PoS
nutrition	0.175025014152344	NN
infection	0	NN

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.57253465258713

Word	Score	PoS
nutrition	0	NN
infection	0.122222546933424	NN

Environmental Health Inputs and Health Outcomes in the Child Life Cycle The Window of Opportunity for Addressing Undernutrition Range of Preventive Activities in Child Survival The Health Effects of Environmental Risks Factors Water Related WSH plus WRM Burden of Disease in Children under Five Attributable to Environmental Risk Factors by WHO Region Mills Reincke Ratios for Subregions Cost of Environmental Health Risks Weight for Age Distribution of Children in Ghana and Pakistan Two Week Diarrheal Prevalence Rate by Age and Underweight Status in Ghana and Pakistan Underweight Malnutrition Rates in Children with and without Diarrheal Infections in Ghana and Pakistan Calculating Revised Estimates Indirect and Direct Effects Final Results of Ghana and Pakistan Case Studies Summary of the Methodology Exposure Categories Exposure Categories Population Shares and Relative Risks of ALRI in Ghana Tables

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.672583707254127

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN
input	0	NN
outcome	0	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
life	0.0250390290383647	NN
cycle	0	NN
opportunity	0	NN
address	0	NN
range	0.0249430985430622	NN
activity	0	NN
effect	0	NN
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN
water	0.0382775468083574	NN
related	0.0125195145191824	JJ
burden	0	NN
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
region	0.124837844401518	NN
ratio	0.0615471563780609	NN
cost	0	NN
age	0.0893142758861673	NN
prevalence	0.0407408489778079	NN
rate	0.0433561464459019	NN
status	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
infection	0.122222546933424	NN
estimate	0.059903311017139	NN
direct	0	JJ
final	0	JJ
result	0	NN
study	0	NN
exposure	0	NN
population	0	NN
share	0	NN
relative	0	JJ

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.392048010626857

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0.0442083771593746	JJ
health	0	NN
input	0	NN
outcome	0	NN
child	0.0450489732120807	NN
life	0.0184786920895884	NN
cycle	0	NN
opportunity	0	NN
address	0	NN
range	0	NN
activity	0	NN
effect	0	NN
risk	0.0519476926891779	NN
water	0	NN
related	0.0184786920895884	JJ
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
region	0.184259548107002	NN
ratio	0	NN
cost	0	NN
age	0.112994637345193	NN
prevalence	0	NN
rate	0.0639932865717261	NN
status	0	NN
malnutrition	0.0736315832425121	NN
infection	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
direct	0	JJ
final	0	JJ
result	0	NN
study	0	NN
exposure	0.120266261535276	NN
population	0	NN
share	0	NN
relative	0	JJ

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.275155400004128

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
health	0	NN
input	0	NN
outcome	0	NN
child	0.0255958462813622	NN
life	0	NN
cycle	0	NN
opportunity	0.0153390539205676	NN
address	0	NN
range	0	NN
activity	0.0502364757923669	NN
effect	0	NN
risk	0	NN
water	0.556409482163189	NN
related	0.0524959536790166	JJ
burden	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
region	0	NN
ratio	0	NN
cost	0	NN
age	0	NN
prevalence	0	NN
rate	0	NN
status	0	NN
malnutrition	0.041835863322702	NN
infection	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
direct	0	JJ
final	0	JJ
result	0.0683326727248364	NN
study	0	NN
exposure	0	NN
population	0.0363595928905615	NN
share	0	NN
relative	0	JJ

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.233913222087754

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
input	0	NN
outcome	0	NN
child	0	NN
life	0.0250071479597636	NN
cycle	0.108503934593034	NN
opportunity	0	NN
address	0	NN
range	0	NN
activity	0.0199423462679015	NN
effect	0	NN
risk	0	NN
water	0.186896403054502	NN
related	0.00833571598658786	JJ
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
region	0	NN
ratio	0	NN
cost	0.0277064208763707	NN
age	0	NN
prevalence	0	NN
rate	0	NN
status	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
infection	0	NN
estimate	0.0199423462679015	NN
direct	0	JJ
final	0.108503934593034	JJ
result	0	NN
study	0	NN
exposure	0	NN
population	0.0144336476662975	NN
share	0	NN
relative	0	JJ

Millennium Development Goals and Environmental Health

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.596533704049446

Word	Score	PoS
millennium	0	JJ
development	0.00837573444202498	NN
goal	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN

Label: 5, with a score of: 0.480099965567954

Word	Score	PoS
millennium	0.0911713013253052	JJ
development	0.0124956749436837	NN
goal	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.0571058915334038	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.346742801185555

Word	Score	PoS
millennium	0	JJ
development	0.022306853314744	NN
goal	0	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
health	0.0339811641917276	NN

Annual Cost of Direct and Indirect Impact of Environmental Risk Factors in

Label: 11, with a score of: 0.537728265072423

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0	NN
direct	0.04477822029736	JJ
impact	0.0194583992186006	NN
environmental	0.0537696560159885	JJ
risk	0.0631828116343571	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.516794354359743

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0.0277064208763707	NN
direct	0	JJ
impact	0.0866018859977851	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
risk	0	NN

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.384253224632086

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0.0660824365173543	NN
direct	0.0396106020715138	JJ
impact	0	NN
environmental	0.0237821918091848	JJ
risk	0	NN

Water Related Transmission Routes and Disease Outcome

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.894709020080444

Word	Score	PoS
water	0.556409482163189	NN
related	0.0524959536790166	JJ
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
outcome	0	NN

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.334462141943245

Word	Score	PoS
water	0.0382775468083574	NN
related	0.0125195145191824	JJ
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
outcome	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.245284683110588

Word	Score	PoS
water	0.186896403054502	NN
related	0.00833571598658786	JJ
disease	0	NN
outcome	0	NN

Impact of Infection on Nutritional Status

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.650646141639985

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0	NN
infection	0.122222546933424	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.461021181418333

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0.0866018859977851	NN
infection	0	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.310579220735593

Word	Score	PoS
impact	0	NN
infection	0	NN
nutritional	0.0583416713841148	JJ
status	0	NN

Role of Environmental Health in Supplementing Health System Strategies

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.780538663177709

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
health	0.191387734041787	NN
system	0	NN
strategy	0.0149758277542848	NN

Environmental Risk Factors and Related Diseases Included in the Comparative Risk Assessment

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.754721768744578

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN
related	0.0125195145191824	JJ
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
include	0	VB

Label: 11, with a score of: 0.391720595235704

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0.0537696560159885	JJ
risk	0.0631828116343571	NN
related	0.0112376090361851	JJ
disease	0	NN
include	0	VB

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.340977130329049

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0.0442083771593746	JJ
risk	0.0519476926891779	NN
related	0.0184786920895884	JJ
disease	0	NN
include	0	VB

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.318755184495924

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
risk	0	NN
related	0.0524959536790166	JJ
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
include	0	VB

Environmentally Attributable Fractions of Child Mortality Keeping Malnutrition Unchanged

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.875886967017077

Word	Score	PoS
environmentally	0	RB
child	0.10682408961305	NN
mortality	0.276962203701274	NN
malnutrition	0	NN

Estimated Mortality in Under Five Children from Environmental Risk Factors

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.865602237967045

Word	Score	PoS
estimate	0.059903311017139	NN
mortality	0.276962203701274	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
environmental	0	JJ
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN

Malnutrition Rates in Children under the Age of Five

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.645216210766611

Word	Score	PoS
malnutrition	0.0736315832425121	NN
rate	0.0639932865717261	NN
child	0.0450489732120807	NN
age	0.112994637345193	NN

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.52263177090255

Word	Score	PoS
malnutrition	0	NN
rate	0.0433561464459019	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
age	0.0893142758861673	NN

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.310786668355348

Word	Score	PoS
malnutrition	0.0357189919948307	NN
rate	0.0155217067874935	NN
child	0.0546336178945768	NN
age	0.0365427838531249	NN

Malnutrition Attributable Fractions of Child Mortality

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.875886967017077

Word	Score	PoS
malnutrition	0	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
mortality	0.276962203701274	NN

Environmentally Attributable Fractions and Child Mortality with Malnutrition Mediated Effects

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.849789700731653

Word	Score	PoS
environmentally	0	RB
child	0.10682408961305	NN
mortality	0.276962203701274	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
effect	0	NN

Effects of Malnutrition on Education

Label: 4, with a score of: 0.835348069718036

Word	Score	PoS
effect	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
education	0.244244978014045	NN

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.328865665909586

Word	Score	PoS
effect	0	NN
malnutrition	0.0736315832425121	NN
education	0.0225244866060403	NN

Annual Cost of Direct and Indirect Effect of Environmental Risk Factors in A

Label: 11, with a score of: 0.571014930394856

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0	NN
direct	0.04477822029736	JJ
effect	0	NN
environmental	0.0537696560159885	JJ
risk	0.0631828116343571	NN

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.457132104066159

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0.0660824365173543	NN
direct	0.0396106020715138	JJ
effect	0	NN
environmental	0.0237821918091848	JJ
risk	0	NN

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.339493711603871

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0	NN
direct	0	JJ
effect	0	NN
environmental	0.0442083771593746	JJ
risk	0.0519476926891779	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.309050267581874

Word	Score	PoS
cost	0.0277064208763707	NN
direct	0	JJ
effect	0	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
risk	0	NN

Cohort Follow up Studies Relating Infectious Disease and Nutritional Status of Children in Developing Countries B

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.81280845084665

Word	Score	PoS
study	0	NN
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
develop	0	VB
country	0	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.324947535639095

Word	Score	PoS
study	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
nutritional	0	JJ
status	0	NN
child	0.0255958462813622	NN
develop	0	VB
country	0	NN

Studies of the Effects of Malnutrition on Educational Outcomes CONTENTS C

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.569645432989233

Word	Score	PoS
study	0	NN
effect	0	NN
malnutrition	0.041835863322702	NN
educational	0.0683326727248364	JJ
outcome	0	NN

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.412554223954951

Word	Score	PoS
study	0	NN
effect	0.0440683498519077	NN
malnutrition	0.0357189919948307	NN
educational	0	JJ
outcome	0	NN

Label: 9, with a score of: 0.394108174678064

Word	Score	PoS
study	0	NN
effect	0.0454743001434393	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
educational	0	JJ
outcome	0.030745604615229	NN

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.380724811481243

Word	Score	PoS
study	0	NN
effect	0	NN
malnutrition	0.0736315832425121	NN
educational	0	JJ
outcome	0	NN

ix Burden of Disease in DALYs in Children under Five Years Attributable to Water Sanitation and Hygiene by World Health Organization Subregions Causes of Death and Risk Factors Considered in this Study Estimating the Cost of Environmental Health Risks Information Types and Sources Relative Risks by Exposure Categories Assuming Cox Hazard Model Weight Gain Retardation Factors by Age and Score Weight for Age in Children under Five Current Rates and Estimated Rates in the Absence of Diarrheal Infections in Ghana Estimated Mortality in Children under Five from Environmental Risk Factors Ghana Estimated Annual Cost of Education Outcomes from Stunting and Share from Environmental Factors in Ghana Height Growth Retardation Factors by Age and Score Height for Age Rates in Children under Five Current Rates and Estimated Rates in the Absence of Diarrheal Infections in Ghana Parameter Values Applied in Estimation of Income Losses Income Distribution across Malnutrition Categories and Wealth Quintiles in Ghana Annual Cost of Environmental Factors Percentage of GDP in Using Percent Discount Rate Annual Cost of Environmental Factors Percentage of GDP in Using Percent Discount Rate Environmental Risk Factors and Related Diseases Included in the WHO Comparative Risk Assessment Acknowledgments This book is product of the Environmental Health Anchor Program in the Environment Department of the World Bank

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.631368484876757

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0.215415047323213	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
water	0.0382775468083574	NN
sanitation	0.0249430985430622	NN
hygiene	0	NN
world	0.00087176582269799	NN
health	0.191387734041787	NN
organization	0.0175975629039954	NN
death	0.193573191943949	NN
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN
study	0	NN
estimate	0.059903311017139	NN
cost	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
information	0.00914534810831654	NN
type	0	NN
source	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
exposure	0	NN
hazard	0	NN
gain	0	NN
age	0.0893142758861673	NN
current	0	JJ
rate	0.0433561464459019	NN
infection	0.122222546933424	NN
mortality	0.276962203701274	NN
education	0.0152605842304358	NN
outcome	0	NN
stunt	0	NN
share	0	NN
height	0	NN
growth	0	NN
value	0	NN
income	0	NN
loss	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
quintile	0	NN
percentage	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
related	0.0125195145191824	JJ
include	0	VB
product	0	NN
environment	0	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.272040447595954

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
child	0.0255958462813622	NN
water	0.556409482163189	NN
sanitation	0.334686906581616	NN
hygiene	0.136665345449673	NN
world	0.00438651305628668	NN
health	0	NN
organization	0	NN
death	0.0295155485671997	NN
risk	0	NN
study	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
cost	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
information	0	NN
type	0	NN
source	0.0613562156822703	NN
relative	0	JJ
exposure	0	NN
hazard	0	NN
gain	0.041835863322702	NN
age	0	NN
current	0	JJ
rate	0	NN
infection	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
education	0	NN
outcome	0	NN
stunt	0	NN
share	0	NN
height	0	NN
growth	0	NN
value	0	NN
income	0	NN
loss	0	NN
malnutrition	0.041835863322702	NN
quintile	0	NN
percentage	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
related	0.0524959536790166	JJ
include	0	VB
product	0	NN
environment	0	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.257400131950676

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
child	0.0242343960710022	NN
water	0	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
world	0.00276879546803864	NN
health	0.0405241466500776	NN
organization	0.02794560829783	NN
death	0	NN
risk	0	NN
study	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
cost	0.0660824365173543	NN
environmental	0.0237821918091848	JJ
information	0	NN
type	0	NN
source	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
exposure	0	NN
hazard	0	NN
gain	0	NN
age	0.0202620733250388	NN
current	0	JJ
rate	0.0172128079963482	NN
infection	0	NN
mortality	0.0488696285210061	NN
education	0.0121171980355011	NN
outcome	0.0330412182586772	NN
stunt	0	NN
share	0	NN
height	0	NN
growth	0.11178243319132	NN
value	0	NN
income	0.166475342664294	NN
loss	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
quintile	0.064698038783335	NN
percentage	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
related	0	JJ
include	0	VB
product	0	NN
environment	0	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.218322650008741

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
child	0	NN
water	0.186896403054502	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
world	0.00464349782489754	NN
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
organization	0	NN
death	0	NN
risk	0	NN
study	0	NN
estimate	0.0199423462679015	NN
cost	0.0277064208763707	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
information	0.0365348149782971	NN
type	0	NN
source	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
exposure	0	NN
hazard	0	NN
gain	0.0664302389559493	NN
age	0	NN
current	0.0332151194779746	JJ
rate	0	NN
infection	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
education	0.0101607690729067	NN
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stunt	0	NN
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growth	0	NN
value	0	NN
income	0	NN
loss	0.0468670845659596	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
quintile	0	NN
percentage	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
related	0.00833571598658786	JJ
include	0	VB
product	0.0199423462679015	NN
environment	0.079769385071606	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 4, with a score of: 0.18107429547758

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
child	0.076326555629389	NN
water	0	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
world	0.0017440716962658	NN
health	0	NN
organization	0	NN
death	0	NN
risk	0	NN
study	0	NN
estimate	0.0299609328954485	NN
cost	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
information	0.0182963616752599	NN
type	0	NN
source	0	NN
relative	0	JJ
exposure	0	NN
hazard	0	NN
gain	0	NN
age	0.0255262687343935	NN
current	0	JJ
rate	0.0216847879059514	NN
infection	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
education	0.244244978014045	NN
outcome	0.0416255041156371	NN
stunt	0	NN
share	0	NN
height	0	NN
growth	0	NN
value	0	NN
income	0	NN
loss	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
quintile	0	NN
percentage	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
related	0	JJ
include	0	VB
product	0	NN
environment	0.0299609328954485	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 8, with a score of: 0.156831032378313

Word	Score	PoS
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
child	0.0452169560888236	NN
water	0	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
world	0.00172202218602071	NN
health	0	NN
organization	0.0347609334428716	NN
death	0	NN
risk	0	NN
study	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
cost	0	NN
environmental	0.0295821503613099	JJ
information	0	NN
type	0	NN
source	0	NN
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exposure	0	NN
hazard	0	NN
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age	0.0252035516550537	NN
current	0	JJ
rate	0	NN
infection	0	NN
mortality	0	NN
education	0.0150723186962745	NN
outcome	0	NN
stunt	0	NN
share	0.0252035516550537	NN
height	0	NN
growth	0.208565600657229	NN
value	0	NN
income	0	NN
loss	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
quintile	0	NN
percentage	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
related	0.0123650647908625	JJ
include	0	VB
product	0.0591643007226199	NN
environment	0.0591643007226199	NN
bank	0	NN

The book was prepared by team led by Anjali Acharya Environmental Specialist ENV World Bank and Mikko K

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Paunio Sr

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Environmental Specialist ENV World Bank under the guidance of Kulsum Ahmed Lead Environmental Specialist and Team Leader Environmental Health Anchor Program ENV World Bank and Laura Tlaiye Sector Manager ENV World Bank

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.342880774913907

Word	Score	PoS
environmental	0	JJ
world	0.00087176582269799	NN
bank	0	NN
lead	0.025518364538905	NN
health	0.191387734041787	NN
sector	0	NN

The core writing team also included Maria Fernanda Garcia Consultant ENV World Bank Monica Das Gupta Sr

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Social Scientist DECRG World Bank Peter Kolsky Sr

Label: 1, with a score of: 0.522611317107178

Word	Score	PoS
social	0.112994637345193	JJ
scientist	0	NN
world	0.00257343720272548	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 10, with a score of: 0.470657213921158

Word	Score	PoS
social	0.101310366625194	JJ
scientist	0	NN
world	0.00276879546803864	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.455017006631115

Word	Score	PoS
social	0	JJ
scientist	0	NN
world	0.0124838525528648	NN
bank	0.0881366997038154	NN

Water Sanitation Specialist ETWWA World Bank Bjorn Larsen Consultant ENV World Bank and Giovanni Ruta Economist ENV World Bank

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.908661222303725

Word	Score	PoS
water	0.556409482163189	NN
sanitation	0.334686906581616	NN
world	0.00438651305628668	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.201805271758312

Word	Score	PoS
water	0.186896403054502	NN
sanitation	0	NN
world	0.00464349782489754	NN
bank	0	NN

Special thanks go to the peer reviewers for this study who included Harold Alderman Advisor AFTHD World Bank Enis Baris Sr

Label: 0, with a score of: 1

Health Specialist MNSHD World Bank Sandy Cairncross Professor of Environmental Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Maureen Cropper Professor of Economics University of Maryland

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.736737148438124

Word	Score	PoS
health	0.191387734041787	NN
world	0.00087176582269799	NN
bank	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
school	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
tropical	0.0407408489778079	JJ
medicine	0.123094312756122	NN
economics	0	NNS
university	0	NN

Label: 4, with a score of: 0.392102811233139

Word	Score	PoS
health	0	NN
world	0.0017440716962658	NN
bank	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
school	0.208127520578185	NN
hygiene	0	NN
tropical	0	JJ
medicine	0	NN
economics	0	NNS
university	0.0815069365350084	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.281764973073962

Word	Score	PoS
health	0	NN
world	0.00438651305628668	NN
bank	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
school	0	NN
hygiene	0.136665345449673	NN
tropical	0	JJ
medicine	0	NN
economics	0.0683326727248364	NNS
university	0	NN

Sandy continuous and passionate engagement on the content and tone of this book is highly appreciated while Maureen role in providing substantial inputs to the economic costing methodology developed for part of this report is especially recognized

Label: 8, with a score of: 0.317439198639446

Word	Score	PoS
highly	0	RB
provide	0	VB
substantial	0	JJ
input	0	NN
economic	0.128463821595706	JJ
cost	0	NN
develop	0	VB
report	0	NN
recognize	0	VB

Additional comments inputs and guidance are gratefully acknowledged from Douglas Barnes Sr

Label: 2, with a score of: 0.82118003810684

Word	Score	PoS
additional	0.0440683498519077	JJ
input	0.0583416713841148	NN
acknowledge	0	VB

Energy Specialist ETWES World Bank Caroline van den Berg Sr

Label: 7, with a score of: 0.924507300082992

Word	Score	PoS
energy	0.494617163780726	NN
world	0.00261936653839306	NN
bank	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.25770604408676

Word	Score	PoS
energy	0.133960988253756	NN
world	0.00464349782489754	NN
bank	0	NN

Economist ETWWA World Bank Jan Bojö Lead Environmental Economist ENV World Bank Sandra Cointreau Solid Waste Management Adviser FEU World Bank James Listorti Consultant FEU World Bank Richard Seifman Consultant AFTHV World Bank and Kate Tulenko Public Health Specialist WSP World Bank

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.37127569060276

Word	Score	PoS
world	0.00464349782489754	NN
bank	0	NN
lead	0.0169905820958638	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
waste	0.138532104381853	NN
management	0.0339811641917276	NN
public	0.028867295332595	NN
health	0.0339811641917276	NN

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.280142265604592

Word	Score	PoS
world	0.00087176582269799	NN
bank	0	NN
lead	0.025518364538905	NN
environmental	0	JJ
waste	0	NN
management	0.0127591822694525	NN
public	0.021678073222951	NN
health	0.191387734041787	NN

The team would also like to thank Maria Neira Director Jamie Bartram Carlos Corvalán and Annette Prüss Üstün from the World Health Organization Department of Public Health and Environment for sharing data relating to their new estimates of burden of disease from water sanitation and hygiene

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.74004291932567

Word	Score	PoS
world	0.00438651305628668	NN
health	0	NN
organization	0	NN
public	0	NN
environment	0	NN
share	0	NN
datum	0	NN
estimate	0	NN
burden	0	NN
disease	0.103230094596636	NN
water	0.556409482163189	NN
sanitation	0.334686906581616	NN
hygiene	0.136665345449673	NN

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.496323073302358

Word	Score	PoS
world	0.00087176582269799	NN
health	0.191387734041787	NN
organization	0.0175975629039954	NN
public	0.021678073222951	NN
environment	0	NN
share	0	NN
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estimate	0.059903311017139	NN
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disease	0.215415047323213	NN
water	0.0382775468083574	NN
sanitation	0.0249430985430622	NN
hygiene	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.252952496090751

Word	Score	PoS
world	0.00464349782489754	NN
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
organization	0	NN
public	0.028867295332595	NN
environment	0.079769385071606	NN
share	0	NN
datum	0	NN
estimate	0.0199423462679015	NN
burden	0	NN
disease	0	NN
water	0.186896403054502	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN

The support of the Bank Netherlands Partnership Program in the preparation of this book is also gratefully acknowledged

Label: 17, with a score of: 0.964469790249535

Word	Score	PoS
support	0.0451108483130998	NN
bank	0.036961556179878	NN
partnership	0.3914644359026	NN
acknowledge	0	VB

xi Abbreviations and Acronyms AF AIDS ALRI ARI DALY DDT DHS GDP HAZ HIV IAP IMCI ITN IUGR LSMS MAL MDG MICS NGO NISP RR SD UNICEF WAZ WHO WRM WSH WTP attributable fraction acquired immune deficiency syndrome acute lower respiratory infection acute respiratory infection disability adjusted life year dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane Demographic and Health Survey gross domestic product height for age score human immunodeficiency virus indoor air pollution Integrated Management of Childhood Illness strategy insecticide treated net intrauterine growth restriction Living Standards Measurement Survey malnutrition Millennium Development Goals Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey nongovernmental organization National Improved Stove Program China relative risk standard deviation United Nations Children Fund weight for age score World Health Organization water resource management water sanitation and hygiene willingness to pay xiii H P E Introduction INTEREST IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH has mounted in recent years spurred by concern that the most vulnerable groups including children under five years of age are disproportionately exposed to and affected by health risks from environmental hazards see box

Label: 3, with a score of: 0.588189751390967

Word	Score	PoS
aid	0.123094312756122	NN
gdp	0	NN
hiv	0.448149338755887	NN
acquire	0.0307735781890304	NN
infection	0.122222546933424	NN
disability	0	NN
life	0.0250390290383647	NN
health	0.191387734041787	NN
survey	0	NN
gross	0	JJ
domestic	0	JJ
product	0	NN
height	0	NN
age	0.0893142758861673	NN
human	0	JJ
air	0.020806307400253	NN
pollution	0.0175975629039954	NN
integrate	0	VB
management	0.0127591822694525	NN
childhood	0	NN
illness	0.0407408489778079	NN
strategy	0.0149758277542848	NN
growth	0	NN
restriction	0	NN
live	0.0300513417930436	VB
standard	0	NN
measurement	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
millennium	0	JJ
development	0.00837573444202498	NN
goal	0	NN
multiple	0	JJ
organization	0.0175975629039954	NN
national	0.00558382296134999	JJ
improve	0	VB
relative	0	JJ
risk	0.0703902516159815	NN
unite	0	VB
nation	0	NN
child	0.10682408961305	NN
fund	0	NN
world	0.00087176582269799	NN
water	0.0382775468083574	NN
resource	0	NN
sanitation	0.0249430985430622	NN
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pay	0	NN
introduction	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
vulnerable	0	JJ
include	0	VB
affect	0.00625975725959118	VB
hazard	0	NN

Label: 6, with a score of: 0.463545090362056

Word	Score	PoS
aid	0	NN
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hiv	0	NN
acquire	0	NN
infection	0	NN
disability	0	NN
life	0	NN
health	0	NN
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gross	0	JJ
domestic	0	JJ
product	0	NN
height	0	NN
age	0	NN
human	0.0127979231406811	JJ
air	0	NN
pollution	0.0590310971343993	NN
integrate	0.0251182378961834	VB
management	0.0428007293971684	NN
childhood	0	NN
illness	0	NN
strategy	0	NN
growth	0	NN
restriction	0	NN
live	0.0252018374089947	VB
standard	0	NN
measurement	0	NN
malnutrition	0.041835863322702	NN
millennium	0	JJ
development	0	NN
goal	0	NN
multiple	0	JJ
organization	0	NN
national	0	JJ
improve	0.0511916925627245	VB
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN
unite	0	VB
nation	0	NN
child	0.0255958462813622	NN
fund	0	NN
world	0.00438651305628668	NN
water	0.556409482163189	NN
resource	0.0104991907358033	NN
sanitation	0.334686906581616	NN
hygiene	0.136665345449673	NN
pay	0.0295155485671997	NN
introduction	0	NN
environmental	0	JJ
vulnerable	0.0214003646985842	JJ
include	0	VB
affect	0.0209983814716066	VB
hazard	0	NN

Label: 12, with a score of: 0.235085218525524

Word	Score	PoS
aid	0	NN
gdp	0	NN
hiv	0	NN
acquire	0	NN
infection	0	NN
disability	0	NN
life	0.0250071479597636	NN
health	0.0339811641917276	NN
survey	0	NN
gross	0	JJ
domestic	0	JJ
product	0.0199423462679015	NN
height	0	NN
age	0	NN
human	0.0101607690729067	JJ
air	0.0554128417527413	NN
pollution	0.0234335422829798	NN
integrate	0.0199423462679015	VB
management	0.0339811641917276	NN
childhood	0	NN
illness	0	NN
strategy	0	NN
growth	0	NN
restriction	0	NN
live	0	VB
standard	0.0409791940864438	NN
measurement	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
millennium	0	JJ
development	0.022306853314744	NN
goal	0	NN
multiple	0	JJ
organization	0	NN
national	0.00743561777158133	JJ
improve	0	VB
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN
unite	0	VB
nation	0	NN
child	0	NN
fund	0	NN
world	0.00464349782489754	NN
water	0.186896403054502	NN
resource	0.0416785799329393	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
pay	0	NN
introduction	0	NN
environmental	0.0598270388037045	JJ
vulnerable	0	JJ
include	0	VB
affect	0.0166714319731757	VB
hazard	0	NN

Label: 8, with a score of: 0.223378172951288

Word	Score	PoS
aid	0.0607878664258118	NN
gdp	0	NN
hiv	0	NN
acquire	0	NN
infection	0	NN
disability	0.0347609334428716	NN
life	0.0123650647908625	NN
health	0	NN
survey	0	NN
gross	0.0410992516792148	JJ
domestic	0.0695218668857431	JJ
product	0.0591643007226199	NN
height	0	NN
age	0.0252035516550537	NN
human	0.0150723186962745	JJ
air	0	NN
pollution	0	NN
integrate	0.0295821503613099	VB
management	0	NN
childhood	0	NN
illness	0	NN
strategy	0.0295821503613099	NN
growth	0.208565600657229	NN
restriction	0	NN
live	0.00989353561471291	VB
standard	0	NN
measurement	0	NN
malnutrition	0	NN
millennium	0	JJ
development	0.0055149369084567	NN
goal	0	NN
multiple	0	JJ
organization	0.0347609334428716	NN
national	0.0055149369084567	JJ
improve	0.0150723186962745	VB
relative	0	JJ
risk	0	NN
unite	0	VB
nation	0	NN
child	0.0452169560888236	NN
fund	0	NN
world	0.00172202218602071	NN
water	0	NN
resource	0.0123650647908625	NN
sanitation	0	NN
hygiene	0	NN
pay	0.0695218668857431	NN
introduction	0	NN
environmental	0.0295821503613099	JJ
vulnerable	0	JJ
include	0	VB
affect	0	VB
hazard	0	NN